Water treatment plant and sewage treatment and drinking water standards according to WHO and indian standards

Definition of water treatment plant:

Water treatment describes industrial-scale processes that make water more acceptable for an end-use, which may be drinking, industrial, or medical. Water treatment is unlike small-scale water sterilization that campers and other people in wilderness areas practice. Water treatment should remove existing water contaminants or so reduce their concentration that their water becomes fit for its desired end-use, which may be safely returning used water to the environment.
The processes involved in treating water for drinking purpose may be solids separation using physical processes such as settling and filtration, and chemical processes such as disinfection and coagulation.
Biological processes are employed in the treatment of waste water and these processes may include.
 example: Aerated lagoons, Activated sludge or slow sand filters.

Sewage treatment:

Sewage treatment is the process of removing contaminants from waste water and household sewage, both effluents, domestic, commercial and institutional. It includes physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove. Its objective is to produce an environmentally safe fluid waste stream (or treated effluent) and a solid waste (or treated sludge) suitable for disposal or reuse. Using advanced technology it is now possible to re-use sewage effluent for drinking water, although Singapore is the only country to implement such technology on a production scale in its production of new water.

Pre-treatment

Pre-treatment removes all materials that can be easily collected from the raw sewage before they damage or clog the pumps and sewage lines of primary treatment classifiers. Objects that are commonly removed during pre-treatment include trash, tree limbs, leaves, branches, and other large objects.

The in fluent in sewage water passes through a bar screen to remove all large objects like cans, rags, sticks, plastic packets etc. carried in the sewage stream.This is most commonly done with an automated mechanically raked bar screen in modern plants serving large populations, while in smaller or less modern plants, a manually cleaned screen may be used. The raking action of a mechanical bar screen is typically paced according to the accumulation on the bar screens and/or flow rate. The solids are collected and later disposed in a landfill, or incinerated. Bar screens or mesh screens of varying sizes may be used to optimize solids removal. If gross solids are not removed, they become en trained in pipes and moving parts of the treatment plant, and can cause substantial damage and inefficiency in the process.

Full download water treatment plant pdf

Full download waste water or sewage treatment pdf

Full download drinking water standards according to WHO

Full download drinking water standards according to Indian standards

Full download water treatment plant project report

Full download drinking water treatment act

Also check :Ceramic materials types properties and history